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Safety Advices
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CAUTION
Caution is advised when consuming alcohol with MTX. Please consult your doctor.
UNSAFE
MTX is highly unsafe to use during pregnancy. Seek your doctor's advice as studies on pregnant women and animals have shown significant harmful effects to the developing baby.
UNSAFE
MTX is unsafe to use during breastfeeding. Data suggests that the drug may cause toxicity to the baby.
UNSAFE
MTX may decrease alertness, affect your vision or make you feel sleepy and dizzy. Do not drive if these symptoms occur.
CAUTION
MTX should be used with caution in patients with kidney disease. Dose adjustment of MTX may be needed. Please consult your doctor.
Regular monitoring of kidney function test is advised while you are taking this medicine.
CAUTION
MTX should be used with caution in patients with liver disease. Dose adjustment of MTX may be needed. Please consult your doctor.
Use of MTX is not recommended in patients with severe liver disease.
Medicine Overview of MTX 2.5mg Tablet
Introduction
MTX is a medicine used to treat rheumatoid arthritis where it can prevent further joint damage. It is also used to treat severe forms of a skin disease called psoriasis by killing cells in the skin which are growing too quickly. MTX may be used alone or in combination with other medicines. You should take it exactly as your doctor has advised. Taking it too much can cause very serious side effects. It may take several weeks or months for you to see or feel the benefits but do not stop taking it unless your doctor tells you to. You...
... Show moreUses of MTX
- Rheumatoid arthritis
- Psoriasis
Side effects of MTX
Common
- Abdominal pain
- Indigestion
- Loss of appetite
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Tiredness
- Mouth sore
How to use MTX
Take this medicine in the dose and duration as advised by your doctor. Swallow it as a whole. Do not chew, crush or break it. MTX may be taken with or without food, but it is better to take it at a fixed time.
How MTX works
MTX is an immunosuppressant. In rheumatoid arthritis, it works by decreasing the activity of the body's immune system. This decreases swelling, reduces pain and stiffness, and improves function. In psoriasis, it works by slowing down the rapid growth of skin cells.
Quick Tips
- Take it once a week, on the same day every week.
- Drink plenty of liquids to stay hydrated while taking this medication.
- Always take folic acid as advised by your doctor. This will help lessen the side effects of this medicine.
- It may take 6 to 8 weeks for MTX to work. Keep taking the medication as prescribed.
- Avoid drinking alcohol while taking this medicine as it may increase the risk of side effects.
- It can be harmful to an unborn baby. Avoid pregnancy for at least 6 months after your last dose.
Brief Description
Indication
Burkitt's lymphoma, Choriocarcinoma, Mycosis fungoides, Crohn's disease, Psoriasis, Osteosarcoma, Breast cancer, lymphosarcoma, Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia, Rheumatoid arthritis
Administration
Should be taken on an empty stomach. Best taken on an empty stomach. May be taken w/ meals to reduce GI discomfort. Avoid taking w/ milk-rich products. IV/IM Preparation Reconstitute with D5W or NS: 20-mg vial, up to 25 mg/mL; 1-g vial, up to 50 mg/mL May dilute further for IV infusion IV/IM Administration Administer by IM, IV push, or IV infusion Regular IV given with no more than 25 mg/mL IV push: Administered at 10 mg/min IV infusion (usually >100 mg): Administered over 30 minutes to 4 hours, or according to institutional protocol High-dose therapy (uses 1-g vial): Administered...
... Show moreAdult Dose
Adult: PO Burkitt's lymphoma 10-25 mg/day for 4-8 days, repeat after 7-10 days. Choriocarcinoma 15-30 mg/day for 5 days, repeat after an interval of at least 1 wk for 3-5 courses. Mycosis fungoides 2.5-10 mg/day to induce remission. Rheumatoid arthritis 7.5 mg once wkly, adjust if needed. Up to 20 mg/wk. Crohn's disease 12.5-22.5 mg once wkly for up to 1 yr. PO/IV/IM Psoriasis 10-25 mg once wkly, adjust subsequent doses if needed. IV Osteosarcoma 12-15 g/m2 as infusion, followed by folinic acid. Breast cancer 10-60 mg/m2 often w/ cyclophosphamide and fluorouracil. Advanced lymphosarcoma Up to 30 mg/kg, followed by...
... Show moreChild Dose
Polyarticular Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis
Initial: 10 mg/m² PO/IM/SC qWeek
Meningeal Leukemia
3 years: 12 mg IT every 2-5 days
Renal Dose
Renal impairment:
CrCl (ml/min) Dosage Recommendation
61-80 75% of dose
51-60 70% of dose
10-50 30-50% of dose
<10 Avoid use
Intermittent hemodialysis: 50% of dose at normal dosing interval
Continuous renal replacement therapy: 50% of dose at normal dosing interval
Contraindication
Severe renal or hepatic impairment, pre-existing profound bone marrow suppression in patients with psoriasis or rheumatoid arthritis, alcoholic liver disease, AIDS, pre-existing blood dyscrasias, pregnancy (in patients with psoriasis or rheumatoid arthritis), breast-feeding.
Mode of Action
Methotrexate is a folic acid antagonist that inhibits DNA synthesis. It irreversibly binds to dihydrofolate reductase, inhibiting the formation of reduced folates, and thymidylate synthetase, resulting in inhibition of purine and thymidylic acid synthesis.
Precaution
Hepatic or renal impairment, bone marrow depression, elderly, neonates. Ulcerative disorders of the GI tract. Monitor haematological, renal and hepatic function, and GI toxicity regularly.
Lactation: Drug excreted in breast milk; do not nurse
Side Effect
>10%
Arachnoiditis with intrathecal administration,Subacute toxicity with intrathecal administration (paralysis of extremities, cranial nerve palsy, seizure or coma),Demyelinating encephalopathy with cranial irradiation or other systemic chemotherapy,Reddening of skin,Hyperuricemia,Ulcerative stomatitis,Glossitis,Gingivitis,Nausea and vomiting,Diarrhea,Anorexia,Intestinal perforation,Mucositis (dose-dependent),Leukopenia,Thrombocytopenia,Renal failure,Azotemia,Nephropathy,Pharyngitis
1-10%
Alopecia,Photosensitivity,Rash,Abdominal distress,Malaise,Fatigue,Chills, fever,Decreased resistance to infection,Gastrointestinal hemorrhage,Myelosuppression,Disorders of lung, interstitial pneumonia (acute, chronic),Atrophy of liver, cirrhosis, hepatic fibrosis or necrosis, elevated liver function tests, hepatic failure
Potentially Fatal: Pulmonary reactions (e.g. interstitial lung disease); neurotoxicity (e.g. leukoencephalopathy, paresis, demyelination) with intrathecal use; foetal deaths.
Interaction
Decreased effectiveness with folic acid and its derivatives.
Potentially Fatal: Increased toxicity with NSAIDs and salicylates; probenecid; some penicillins; aminoglycosides neomycin and paromomycin; sulfonamides such as sulfafurazole and sulfamethoxazole; co-trimoxazole or trimethoprim; nephrotoxic agents (e.g. cisplatin); ciclosporin; etretinate. Synergistic enhancement of effects with fluorouracil. Increased bioavailability of mercaptopurine. Reduces serum-valproate concentrations. Reduced serum concentrations with colestyramine. Increased serum concentrations with omeprazole.
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Disclaimer
The information provided herein is accurate, updated and complete as per the best practices of the Company. Please note that this information should not be treated as a replacement for physical medical consultation or advice. We do not guarantee the accuracy and the completeness of the information so provided. The absence of any information and/or warning to any drug shall not be considered and assumed as an implied assurance of the Company. We do not take any responsibility for the consequences arising out of the aforementioned information and strongly recommend you for a physical consultation in case of any queries or doubts.
